A qualitative exploration of COPD lived experience, giving insight into symptom profile determinants and experiences of medical and non-medical interventions

Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by a substantial symptom burden, including reduced physical activity, impaired sleep, diminished quality of life, and psychological distress. Despite established treatments, many individuals continue to experience persistent symptoms and functional limitations. This study aimed to explore symptom burden and how individuals manage COPD in daily life.Methods Fifteen UK-based adults with a confirmed diagnosis of COPD (mean age 70 years, n = 10 females) participated in semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited through clinical databases, research registries, and community support networks. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using inductive reflexive thematic analysis supported by NVivo.Results Three themes were identified: (1) Interconnected symptom experiences, (2) Navigating treatment uncertainty and burden, and (3) Becoming an active manager of COPD. Breathlessness was described as the most debilitating symptom, closely interconnected with reduced functional capacity, and restricted social participation. Participants reported challenges with medication, including frequent treatment changes and limited perceived effectiveness. Self-management was central to daily life, with individuals employing pacing strategies, assistive devices, and self-directed learning.Conclusions COPD is experienced as a complexcondition shaped by interconnected symptoms and self-management demands. These findings highlight a need for responsive, patient-centred approaches to COPD care.