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AbstractUsing discrete elastic lattice mechanics, planetary atmospheres and magnetic shields are modeled without Newtonian gravitational force by treating space as a tensioned lattice (F_lattice = 1.210256 * 10^44 N, linear stiffness K_stiff = 6.732955 * 10^26 kg/m, acoustic wave speed c = 299,792,458 m/s). Surface atmospheric pressure arises from the mechanical compression between the planetary spatial indentation (Rs_planet) and the atmospheric gas indentation (Rs_atm), while planetary magnetic fields result from the torsional twisting of the lattice scaled by the fine-structure step (1 / 137.036) and equatorial rotation speed (V_rot). Following an exact step-by-step baseline calibration on Earth, this paper presents complete quantitative predictions—covering surface gravity, escape velocity, equilibrium and surface temperatures, barometric pressure, scale height, gas density, acoustic sound speed, surface magnetic field strength, and magnetopause standoff distance—for four primary James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) habitable-zone targets: Proxima Centauri b, LHS 1140 b, TOI-700 d, and K2-18 b.
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Orymbetov Yerzhan (2026) studied this question.
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