Hubungan sistem kerja shift dan faktor kardiometabolik dengan hiperkolesterolemia pada perawat

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Shift work schedule was independently associated with hypercholesterolemia compared to non-shift work (70.1% vs 2.0%; aOR 146.16, 95% CI 66.24-322.48, p<0.001) among hospital nurses.

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Hypercholesterolemia (n=1207). Intervention: Shift work schedule (rotating morning, afternoon, and night shifts) vs. Non-shift work schedule (fixed morning to afternoon schedule). Primary outcome: Hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol >=200 mg/dL) (aOR 146.16, 95% CI 66.24-322.48, p=<0.001).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Shift work schedule is strongly and independently associated with hypercholesterolemia among hospital nurses. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

To examine associations of demographic, anthropometric, metabolic, and work-schedule characteristics with hypercholesterolemia among nurses at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung.

Eka Sekarningsih; Budiyanti Wiboworini; Lilik Retna Kartikasari; Dyah Widyastuti

doi:10.30867/gikes.v7i3.3390

November 8, 2026Jurnal SAGO Gizi dan KesehatanOpen Access

Hubungan sistem kerja shift dan faktor kardiometabolik dengan hiperkolesterolemia pada perawat

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Key result

Shift work is linked to ~146-fold higher odds of hypercholesterolemia in hospital nurses.

aOR 146.16
95% CI 66.24-322.48
P<0.001
n=1,207

Why the study?

Shift-working nurses may experience circadian disruption, sleep disturbances, and irregular eating patterns that can affect lipid metabolism. The associations of demographic, anthropometric, metabolic, and work-schedule characteristics with hypercholesterolemia among nurses needed to be examined.

Does a rotating shift work schedule and cardiometabolic risk profile increase the odds of hypercholesterolemia compared to a fixed non-shift schedule in hospital nurses?

Key Points

To examine associations of demographic, anthropometric, metabolic, and work-schedule characteristics with hypercholesterolemia among nurses at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung.
Cross-sectional study analyzing secondary data from routine medical check-ups conducted between July and September 2025 among N=1,207 eligible nurses at a single general hospital in Bandung, Indonesia.
Evaluated age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, work schedule (shift vs non-shift), and total cholesterol using chi-square tests and multivariable binary logistic regression.
Among 1,207 nurses, 849 (70.3%) worked shifts and 358 (29.7%) worked non-shift schedules, with an overall hypercholesterolemia prevalence of 49.9%.
In multivariable analysis, work schedule (aOR = 146.16; 95% CI: 66.24–322.48), female sex (aOR = 2.326; 95% CI: 1.656–3.269), and age (aOR = 1.034 per year; 95% CI: 1.013–1.055) were independently associated with hypercholesterolemia.
Body mass index, blood pressure, and blood glucose were associated with hypercholesterolemia in bivariate analysis, while waist circumference was not.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=1,207)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Does a rotating shift work schedule and cardiometabolic risk profile increase the odds of hypercholesterolemia compared to a fixed non-shift schedule in hospital nurses?

P

Population

1,207 nurses (72.2% female, age 23-59 years) undergoing routine medical check-ups at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia, between July and September 2025.

E

Exposure

Shift work schedule (n=849, 70.3%), defined as rotating morning, afternoon, and night schedules according to hospital regulations, alongside assessment of cardiometabolic and demographic factors (age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, random blood glucose).

C

Comparator

Non-shift work schedule (n=358, 29.7%), defined as fixed schedules from morning to afternoon.

O

Outcome

Hypercholesterolemia, defined as total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL measured during routine medical check-ups between July and September 2025.surrogate

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 146.16 (95% CI 66.24–322.48)

Absolute Event Rate: 70.1% vs 2%

p-value: p=<0.001

Among hospital nurses in Indonesia, rotating shift work, older age, and female sex were independently associated with hypercholesterolemia, whereas BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, and blood glucose were not after multivariable adjustment.

Limitations

Cross-sectional design prevents determination of temporal sequence or causal relationships
Secondary data lacked information on diet, physical activity, sleep quality and duration, smoking, alcohol consumption, menopausal status, statin and antihypertensive medication use, and detailed shift patterns/duration
Blood glucose was measured as random blood glucose without recorded fasting status
Extreme odds ratio and very small number of hypercholesterolemia cases in the non-shift group (n=7) raise concerns about near-separation, model stability, and source data coding
Potential residual confounding and selection bias including the healthy worker effect
Cross-sectional design precludes determination of temporal sequence or causal relationships
Secondary data lacked information on diet, physical activity, sleep quality and duration, smoking, alcohol consumption, menopausal status, statin and antihypertensive medication use, and detailed shift patterns and duration
Potential residual confounding and selection bias, including the healthy worker effect
Very large between-group difference in cholesterol and wide confidence intervals (only 7 hypercholesterolemia cases in the non-shift group) warrant verification of source data and model stability due to possible near-separation

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Implication

May inform targeted lipid screening among shift-working nurses; leaves open causality and requires prospective validation before practice change.

Abstract

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is an important cardiovascular risk factor. Shift-working nurses may experience circadian disruption, sleep disturbances, and irregular eating patterns that can affect lipid metabolism.Objectives: To examine associations of demographic, anthropometric, metabolic, and work-schedule characteristics with hypercholesterolemia among nurses at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung.Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed secondary data from routine medical check-ups conducted between July and September 2025. All 1,207 eligible nurses were included. Variables were age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, work schedule, and total cholesterol. Associations were assessed using chi-square tests and multivariable binary logistic regression.Results: Of 1,207 nurses, 849 (70.3%) worked shifts and 358 (29.7%) worked non-shift schedules. Hypercholesterolemia prevalence was 49.9%. In bivariate analysis, body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, and work schedule were associated with hypercholesterolemia; waist circumference was not. In multivariable analysis, age (aOR = 1.034 per year; 95% CI: 1.013–1.055), female sex (aOR = 2.326; 95% CI: 1.656–3.269), and work schedule (aOR = 146.16; 95% CI: 66.24–322.48) remained associated with hypercholesterolemia.Conclusions: Work schedule, age, and sex were independently associated with hypercholesterolemia among nurses. The cross-sectional design and the very large between-group difference in cholesterol warrant cautious interpretation and verification of data quality and model stability.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Sekarningsih et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypercholesterolemia (n=1,207). Shift work schedule (rotating morning, afternoon, and night shifts) vs. Non-shift work schedule (fixed morning to afternoon schedule) was evaluated on Hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol >=200 mg/dL) (aOR 146.16, 95% CI 66.24-322.48, p=<0.001). Shift work schedule was independently associated with hypercholesterolemia compared to non-shift work (70.1% vs 2.0%; aOR 146.16, 95% CI 66.24-322.48, p<0.001) among hospital nurses.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6af1d893f9a8addd138b1c92 https://doi.org/10.30867/gikes.v7i3.3390

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Hubungan sistem kerja shift dan faktor kardiometabolik dengan hiperkolesterolemia pada perawat

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Hubungan sistem kerja shift dan faktor kardiometabolik dengan hiperkolesterolemia pada perawat

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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