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This new era in engineering calls for a greater understanding of the environmental impacts of modern technology. In the year 2000 it is estimated that personal computers in the USA alone will consume 21.9 TWh of electricity. Most of this electricity will be wasted due to the PCs remaining powered-on, but idle, most of the time. The PCs are often left powered-on so that network connectivity can be maintained even when the PC is not actively used. This paper describes how PCs can be powered-off and network connectivity still be maintained. The design and evaluation of a new connection sleep option in a "Green TCP/IP" is described. The long-term impacts of a Green TCP/IP can be very significant in terms of measured electricity savings.
Irish et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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