Outcomes of Ablation of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis

INTRODUCTION: It is not common for patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD) to undergo catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to show the outcomes of AF ablation in the HD patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty HD patients who underwent pulmonary vein (PV) isolation for drug refractory paroxysmal AF were retrospectively studied, and their AF recurrence free rate and frequency of periprocedural complications were compared to 60 age- and gender-matched control patients not requiring HD. A nonirrigated ablation catheter was used in both patient groups. During a mean follow-up period of 821 ± 218 days, 16 (54%) of the HD patients remained free from AF recurrence without any antiarrhythmic agents versus 47 (78%) of the control patients with an initial ablation (P = 0.013). A second ablation procedure was performed in 12 patients with an AF recurrence, and consequently 20 (67%) of the HD patients were in sinus rhythm compared to 53 (88%) of the controls during a follow-up duration of 747 ± 221 after the last ablation (P = 0.012). Bleeding from the venipuncture site requiring a prolonged hospital stay was identified in 2 HD patients and 1 control subject, while no life-threatening complications were observed in either patient group. CONCLUSION: Although the success rate of the PV isolation in HD patients was far from satisfactory, it may be considered as one of the therapeutic options for them.