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The x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra of iron bearing minerals with iron in two valence states show a remarkable property that the energies of the pre-edge XANES peaks vary linearly with the net valence state of the iron. The K-edge XANES spectra of fayalite (Fe2SiO4), olivine (Mg, Fe)2 SiO4, and hematite (Fe2O3) were investigated by measuring the fluorescence spectra with a high energy-resolution spectrometer while varying the incident x-ray energy. It was determined that the pre-edge XANES structure is the result of scattering through both real and virtual electronic state transitions.
Bajt et al. (Wed,) studied this question.