Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Harry C. Katz, Thomas A. Kochan, Jeffrey H. Keefe, Edward Lazear, George C. Eads, Industrial Relations and Productivity in the U.S. Automobile Industry, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. 1987, No. 3, Special Issue On Microeconomics (1987), pp. 685-727
Katz et al. (Thu,) studied this question.