Organic Semiconductors and their Applications in Photovoltaic Devices

In recent years, organic semiconductors have emerged as a promising and, in some situations, viable commercial alternative to traditional inorganic materials such as silicon. Organic-based light emitting diodes, photovoltaic devices, photodetectors, and transistors have attracted intense interest in the scientific community. In this review, we first present a discussion of the fundamental electronic nature of organic semiconductors, processing techniques, and their application to two main classes of optoelectronic devices, light emitting diodes, and photovoltaics. The second part of the review introduces organic photovoltaics in depth, including their operation principles, development history, current state of the art, and routes for further improvement.