PVAI plus CFAE ablation significantly reduced non-PV atrial triggers inducing AF compared to PVAI alone (10% vs 42%, P<0.001), but sinus rhythm maintenance at 17.2 months was similar.
RCT (n=98)
randomized
Does PVAI plus CFAE ablation reduce the prevalence of non-PV atrial triggers compared to PVAI alone in patients with longstanding persistent AF?
CFAE ablation in addition to PVAI significantly reduces non-PV triggers in longstanding persistent AF, though this did not translate to improved sinus rhythm maintenance at 17 months.
Absolute Event Rate: 10% vs 42%
p-value: p=<0.001
BACKGROUND: Complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) ablation has been performed in addition to pulmonary veins (PV) isolation to increase the success rate of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation in patients with longstanding (LS) persistent AF. The mechanism underlying the clinical benefit of CFAE ablation remains, however, poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: We compared the impact of CFAE ablation on the prevalence of non-PV atrial triggers inducing AF in 2 groups of patients with LS persistent AF. One group underwent PVAI alone, and the other group underwent PVAI plus CFAE ablation. In addition, we correlated the site of non-PV triggers with the presence of CFAE. METHODS: A total of 98 consecutive patients with symptomatic drug refractory LS persistent AF presenting for ablation had a preablation electroanatomic CFAE map. Patients randomized to either isolation of the PVs and posterior wall (PVAI) (group I, n = 48 pts) or PVAI and biatrial ablation of CFAEs (group II, 50 pts). After ablation, infusion of isoproterenol up to 30 mcg/min was given to reveal non PV foci inducing AF. Those foci were mapped and correlated with CFAE regions and ablated. RESULTS: A total of 19 patients (76%) with PV foci inducing AF were associated with either stable or transient CFAE after PVAI, respectively, in 12 patients (48%) and 7 patients (28%). A total of 20 (42%) non-PV triggers were observed in group I versus 5 (10%) in group II (P < 0.001) in 18 and 5 patients, respectively. After a mean f/u of 17.2 ± 5.2 months, 33 (69%) patients in group I and 36 (72%) patients in group II were in SR (P = NS). CONCLUSION: Non-PV triggers inducing AF post-PVAI were associated with the presence of stable or transient CFAE in 48% and 28% of cases, respectively, in LS persistent AF. CFAE ablation after PVAI was associated with a significantly higher elimination of those non-PV triggers. This suggests that at least part of the beneficial effect achieved by CFAE ablation reflects elimination of non-PV AF triggers.
Elayi et al. (Tue,) conducted a rct in longstanding persistent atrial fibrillation (n=98). PVAI plus CFAE ablation vs. PVAI alone was evaluated on prevalence of non-PV atrial triggers inducing AF (p=<0.001). PVAI plus CFAE ablation significantly reduced non-PV atrial triggers inducing AF compared to PVAI alone (10% vs 42%, P<0.001), but sinus rhythm maintenance at 17.2 months was similar.