Does low-dose amiodarone improve maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation compared to Class I antiarrhythmic drugs?
Low-dose amiodarone shows promise for maintaining sinus rhythm in atrial fibrillation with a favorable safety profile, prompting the call for a large-scale prospective trial.
Because atrial fibrillation is associated with substantial morbidity, restoration of sinus rhythm is desirable. Long-term maintenance of sinus rhythm often requires chronic antiarrhythmic therapy. Class I antiarrhythmic drugs such as quinidine or propafenone maintain sinus rhythm in approximately 50% of patients at 1 year and have risks for proarrhythmia and noncardiac toxicity. Studies of low-dose amiodarone for atrial fibrillation have reported sinus rhythm maintenance in 53% to 79% of patients during a mean follow-up of 27 months. Amiodarone has a lower incidence of proarrhythmia and heart failure exacerbation compared with class I drugs. Most noncardiac side effects are dose related, and low-dose amiodarone (less than 300 mg/d) is well tolerated. The time has come for a large-scale prospective evaluation of low-dose amiodarone treatment early in the course of atrial fibrillation.
Middlekauff et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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