Declining hospital length of stay from 1991-1997 did not worsen postdischarge outcomes for patients without DNR orders, but mortality increased by 21% to 72% for those with early DNR orders.
Cohort (n=83,445)
BACKGROUND: Length of hospital stay continues to decline, but the effect on postdischarge outcomes is unclear. METHODS: We determined trends in risk-adjusted mortality rates and readmission rates for 83,445 Medicare patients discharged alive after hospitalization for myocardial infarction, heart failure, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, or stroke. Patients were stratified into deciles of observed/expected length of stay to determine whether patients whose length of stay was much shorter than expected had higher risk-adjusted mortality and readmission rates. Analyses were stratified by whether a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order was written within 2 days of admission (early) or later. RESULTS: From 1991 through 1997, risk-adjusted postdischarge mortality generally remained stable for patients without a DNR order. Postdischarge mortality increased by 21% to 72% for patients with early DNR orders and increased for 2 of 6 diagnoses for patients with late DNR orders. Markedly shorter than expected length of stay was associated with higher than expected risk-adjusted mortality for patients with early DNR orders but not for others (no DNR and late DNR). Risk-adjusted readmission rates remained stable from 1991 through 1997, except for a 15% (95% confidence interval, 3%-30%) increase for patients with congestive heart failure. Short observed/expected length of stay was not associated with higher readmission rates. CONCLUSIONS: The dramatic decline in length of stay from 1991 through 1997 was not associated with worse postdischarge outcomes for patients without DNR orders. However, postdischarge mortality increased among patients with early DNR orders, and some of this trend may be due to patients being discharged more rapidly than previously.
Baker et al. (Mon,) conducted a cohort in Myocardial infarction, heart failure, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, or stroke (n=83,445). Shorter length of hospital stay vs. Expected length of stay was evaluated on Risk-adjusted mortality rates and readmission rates (95% CI 3%-30%). Declining hospital length of stay from 1991-1997 did not worsen postdischarge outcomes for patients without DNR orders, but mortality increased by 21% to 72% for those with early DNR orders.