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The global behavior of the extratropical tropopause transition layer (ExTL) is investigated using O 3 , H 2 O, and CO measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE‐FTS) on Canada's SCISAT‐1 satellite obtained between February 2004 and May 2007. The ExTL depth is derived using H 2 O‐O 3 and CO‐O 3 correlations. The ExTL top derived from H 2 O‐O 3 shows an increase from roughly 1–1.5 km above the thermal tropopause in the subtropics to 3–4 km (2.5–3.5 km) in the north (south) polar region, implying somewhat weaker troposphere‐stratosphere‐transport in the Southern Hemisphere. The ExTL bottom extends ∼1 km below the thermal tropopause, indicating a persistent stratospheric influence on the troposphere at all latitudes. The ExTL top derived from the CO‐O 3 correlation is lower, at 2 km or ∼345 K (1.5 km or ∼335 K) in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere. Its annual mean coincides with the relative temperature maximum just above the thermal tropopause. The vertical CO gradient maximizes at the thermal tropopause, indicating a local minimum in mixing within the tropopause region. The seasonal changes in and the scales of the vertical H 2 O gradients show a similar pattern as the static stability structure of the tropopause inversion layer (TIL), which provides observational support for the hypothesis that H 2 O plays a radiative role in forcing and maintaining the structure of the TIL.
Hegglin et al. (Tue,) studied this question.