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The taxonomic status of 24 haemolytic, non-glucose acidifying Acinetobacter strains that did not belong to any previously described species was investigated by means of a polyphasic approach. Using AFLP fingerprinting, amplified rDNA restriction analysis and phenotypic characterization, the strains were classified into two phenetically coherent groups (comprising 15 and 9 strains) that were distinct from each other and from all known Acinetobacter species. Confirmation that these groups formed two separate lineages within the genus Acinetobacter was obtained from comparative analysis of partial sequences of the gene encoding the beta-subunit of RNA polymerase in all strains and also from 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of representative strains. Previously published DNA-DNA reassociation data for some of the strains used also supported the species rank for both groups, for which the names Acinetobacter beijerinckii sp. nov. and Acinetobacter gyllenbergii sp. nov. are proposed. The strains of A. beijerinckii sp. nov. originated from human and animal specimens and from various environmental sources, whereas those of A. gyllenbergii sp. nov. were isolated exclusively from human clinical specimens. The phenotypic characteristics most useful for the differentiation of these species from other Acinetobacter species that comprise haemolytic strains were the inability of A. beijerinckii sp. nov. to grow on l-arginine and the ability of A. gyllenbergii sp. nov. to grow on azelate. The type strain of A. beijerinckii sp. nov. is NIPH 838T (=LUH 4759T=CCUG 51249T=CCM 7266T=58aT) and the type strain of A. gyllenbergii sp. nov. is NIPH 2150T (=RUH 422T=CCUG 51248T=CCM 7267T=1271T).
Nemec et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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