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Abstract The Fulton Section, along the Mississippi River in western Tennessee, USA, is a 1 km continuous exposure (∼20 m vertically) of Quaternary fluvial and lacustrine deposits, inset within Eocene sediments and buried by thick loess. Fossiliferous slackwater lake sediments record maximum aggradation during the last two major glaciations, with deposition between ca. 190–140 ka and 24– 18 14 C ka BP, based on amino acid and radiocarbon chronology, respectively. During the onset of full glacial conditions (ca. 24–22 14 C ka BP), a relatively permanent shallow lake environment is indicated by ostracods, aquatic molluscs, and both pollen and macrofossils of aquatic plants. By 21.8 14 C ka BP, increasing emergent plants, amphibious gastropods ( Pomatiopsis ) and heavier δ 18 O compositions suggest marsh‐like conditions in a periodically drying lake. The surrounding uplands consisted of Picea – Pinus woodlands mixed with cool‐temperate hardwoods (e.g. Quercus , Populus , Carya ), grasses and herbs. More open conditions ensued ca. 20 14 C ka BP, with loess and slopewash gradually infilling the former lake by 18 14 C ka BP. Modern analogue analyses of ostracods and palaeontological evidence imply a full glacial climate similar to today's mixed‐boreal zone in central Minnesota, USA, about 9°C cooler in mean annual temperature than present‐day western Tennessee. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Grimley et al. (Tue,) studied this question.