Normotensive Ischemic Acute Renal Failure

Prerenal azotemia and acute tubular necrosis, the two forms of ischemic acute renal failure, account for more than half the cases of renal failure in hospitalized patients. Yet the contribution of ischemia is initially unrecognized in many patients with acute renal failure. This article reviews the renal response to ischemia and the clinical features of and risk factors for normotensive ischemic acute renal failure.