What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case-Control. Population: Hypertension (n=370). Intervention: Psychological states (anger, anxiety, stress) vs. Normotensive controls. Primary outcome: Hypertension status (predicted by anger-in) (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.64-2.44, p=<0.001).

February 10, 2015Open Access

Hypertension

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Higher levels of anger-in (OR 1.73), stress (OR 1.64), and anxiety (OR 1.44) were identified as strong predictors of hypertension.

MMMamoona MushtaqUniversity of Karachi NNNajma NajamUniversity of the Punjab

Key Result

Higher levels of anger-in (OR 1.73), stress (OR 1.64), and anxiety (OR 1.44) were identified as strong predictors of hypertension.

Study Design

Type

Case-Control (n=370)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Are psychological states of anger, anxiety, and stress associated with and predictive of hypertension in adults?

Population

370 adults aged 30-65 years, including 200 with hypertension and 170 matched normotensive controls, were evaluated to determine if psychological states predict hypertension.

Comparator

Normotensive control group matched for age, gender, and monthly income

Outcome

Relationship of hypertension with psychological states of anger, stress, and anxiety, and their ability to predict hypertension

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 1.73 (95% CI 1.64–2.44)

p-value: p=<0.001

Limitations

Use of only self-report measures which may have resulted in over-reporting or under-reporting

Abstract

Hypertension is a condition of the person in which blood pressure is chronicallyhigh. Hypertension is a leading factor to damage health and turn out many chronic conditionsin human body1. Objectives: To study the relationship of hypertension with psychologicalstates of anger, stress and anxiety and do they predict hypertension? Study Design: A corelational study. Methodology: Outdoor hypertensive patients (N = 200, men = 110, women= 90) between ages 30-65, and control group (N = 170, men = 90, women = 80), matchedwith age, gender and monthly income were taken from the public hospitals. STAXI (Spielberger,1988) and DASS (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) were used for data collection. Data analysis:Descriptive statistics, chi-square, logistic regression analyses were used. Results: Significantpositive correlation of hypertension with anger, stress and anxiety was found. Anger-control,anger-in, stress and anxiety emerged as strongest predictors of hypertension.

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