To live (code) or to not: A new method for coding in qualitative research

Coding is an integral part of qualitative research for many scholars that use interview or focus group data. However, current practices in coding require transcription of audio/visual data prior to coding. Transcription before the coding process is an essential process for data analysis and even with meticulous detail, the nuances of nonverbal behavior found in audio and video data can be missed. In this article, we propose an alternative to coding with transcripts using a method called live coding which allows for simultaneous manual coding while listening or watching audio or video recording. We compared the method of live coding with transcript coding of text using focus group data from a perinatal telehealth group addressing depression. Based on the themes that emerged from analyzing the process, it is likely that live coding can be beneficial in preserving the voice of the participant especially used within focus group data. Live coding allowed us to see and hear the participants, an empowering process which allowed intent, context, and meaning of the words to be present in the results. Further study of live coding should include using digital tools for the analysis of qualitative data.