Sutured and sutureless repair of postinfarction left ventricular free-wall rupture: a systematic review

Postinfarction left ventricular free-wall rupture is a potentially catastrophic event. Emergency surgical intervention is almost invariably required, but the most appropriate surgical procedure remains controversial. A systematic review, from 1993 onwards, of all available reports in the literature about patients undergoing sutured or sutureless repair of postinfarction left ventricular free-wall rupture was performed. Twenty-five studies were selected, with a total of 209 patients analysed. Sutured repair was used in 55.5% of cases, and sutureless repair in the remaining cases. Postoperative in-hospital mortality was 13.8% in the sutured group, while it was 14% in the sutureless group. A trend towards a higher rate of in-hospital rerupture was observed in the sutureless technique. The most common cause of in-hospital mortality (44%) was low cardiac output syndrome. In conclusion, sutured and sutureless repair for postinfarction left ventricular free-wall rupture showed comparable in-hospital mortality. However, because of the limited number of patients and the variability of surgical strategies in each reported series, further studies are required to provide more consistent data and lines of evidence.