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Experimental research on grammatical gender and cognition provides evidence for grammatical gender effects on various aspects of speakers’ cognition. Some researchers argue that such effects are limited to languages with a two-gender system. Other studies, however, find that the grammatical category of gender impacts on cognition also in languages with a three-gender system. Based on a sex attribution task, the present paper examines the relationship between grammatical gender and cognition in two languages with a three-gender system, Greek and German, and aligns with the second group of studies. The overall results are discussed in the light of previous research from a critical perspective.
Pavlidou et al. (Sat,) studied this question.