Goal-Based Shared Decision-Making: Developing an Integrated Model

OBJECTIVE: Definitions of shared decision-making (SDM) have largely neglected to consider goal setting as an explicit component. Applying SDM to people with multiple long-term conditions requires attention to goal setting. We propose an integrated model, which shows how goal setting, at 3 levels, can be integrated into the 3-talk SDM model. METHOD: The model was developed by integrating 2 published models. RESULTS: An integrated, goal-based SDM model is proposed and applied to a patient with multiple, complex, long-term clinical conditions to illustrate the use of a visualization tool called a Goal Board. A Goal Board prioritizes collaborative goals and aligns goals with interventional options. CONCLUSION: The model provides an approach to achieve person-centered decision-making by not only eliciting and prioritizing goals but also by aligning prioritized goals and interventions. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Further research is required to evaluate the utility of the proposed model.