Impact of V2G Communication on Grid Node Voltage at Charging Station in a Smart Grid Scenario

This article discusses the impact of realistic communication systems on charging stations at multiple nodes of the subfeeder in an electricity grid distribution system. A vehicle to grid (V2G) system is modeled in this article comprising of the electricity grid, aggregators, controllers, charging station, electric vehicles, and communication channels. Fuzzy logic controllers are at two levels; one at the distribution level and the other at the charging station level. Two types of communication channels are considered between the entities of the V2G network with charging stations at multiple nodes of the electricity grid. The basic access method of the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol using the distributed coordination function is used by electric vehicles to transmit their data packets to a charging station aggregator. An in-depth analysis of the system is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink environment by varying the bit error rate, timeout required to send a packet in the WiFi channel for multiple retransmissions, and the number of electric vehicles on the distribution grid node voltage. Root-mean-square error of node voltage is calculated for different values of the mentioned parameters to propose a real-time V2G infrastructure with an integrated communication system.