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Abstract The use of computers to a certain extent devalues the role of manual calculations, but in the practice of mathematics education, the emphasis is still placed on the correct conduct of mathematical calculations. Therefore, in modern education, mathematics should be considered as a multifaceted multidimensional phenomenon, in which there are scientific, applied, historical and cultural, cultural and leisure, economic, management components. The education system should reflect the main aspects of mathematics, for which we propose to use a complex of its models. The article discusses several such models: activity, apparatus, phenomenological, process models of mathematics, two historical models of mathematics. An outline of their use for the design and evaluation of a study topic and a training course is made.
Melnikov et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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