What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Systematic Review. Population: Endothelial dysfunction and dyslipidemia. Intervention: Omega-3 supplementation vs. Placebo (various oils or ciprofibrate). Primary outcome: Endothelial dysfunction, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers.

What does this research mean for the field?

Omega-3 supplementation reduces triglycerides, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and pulse wave velocity, and increases flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, demonstrating benefits for dyslipidemia, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.SYNTHESIS. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

June 19, 2021Open Access

Effects of omega-3 supplementation on endothelial dysfunction in humans: a systematic review

ASAna Lina de Carvalho Cunha SalesUniversidade Federal do Piauí MPMaísa Guimarães Silva PrimoUniversidade Federal do Piauí JSJuliana Soares SeveroUniversidade Federal do Piauí

Key Result

Omega-3 supplementation reduced triglycerides, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and pulse wave velocity, and increased flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery.

Study Design

Type

Systematic Review

Structured PICO

Does omega-3 supplementation improve markers of endothelial and inflammatory dysfunction, lipid profile, and global nutritional status in adults with or without dyslipidemia or cardiovascular disease?

Population

Adults and/or elderly patients with dyslipidemia, manifest cardiovascular disease, or healthy subjects (17 clinical trials included).

Intervention

Omega-3 supplementation (doses between 0.45 g and 5.1 g/day of EPA and/or DHA) for 4 to 25 weeks.

Comparator

Placebo (sunflower, peanut, soybean, palm, corn, or olive oil) or active comparator (ciprofibrate).

Outcome

Improvement in markers of endothelial and inflammatory dysfunction, lipid profile, and global nutritional status.surrogate

Omega-3 supplementation demonstrates benefits in improving dyslipidemia, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, particularly by reducing triglycerides and improving flow-mediated dilation.

Limitations

Scarcity of studies related to the theme
No standardization regarding the dose offered per day of n-3 or the composition of EPA and DHA
Inclusion of different age groups and health conditions that may influence parameters

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effects of omega-3 supplementation on endothelial dysfunction in humans, considering the lipid profile, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Methods: The search for the articles was carried out on the bases PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and Web of Science, following the recommendations for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis of PRISMA. This study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database. After the process of searching and applying the inclusion criteria, 17 articles were selected. Results: The most pronounced effect of omega-3 supplementation was on reductions in triglycerides, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, pulse wave velocity and increased dilation mediated by the flow of the brachial artery. There were no significant changes in oxidative stress biomarkers and overall nutritional status. Final considerations: Evidence of benefits of omega-3 in improving dyslipidemia, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction; new intervention research is needed to better elucidate the role of this nutrient in the studied parameters, in addition to establishing effective doses, composition and intervention time for application in clinical practice.

Ask AI

Helpful

Bookmark

View Full Paper