Key result
Omega-3 supplementation reduces triglycerides, TNF-α, IL-6, and PWV while increasing FMD.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of omega-3 supplementation on endothelial dysfunction in humans, considering the lipid profile, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers.
Does omega-3 supplementation improve markers of endothelial and inflammatory dysfunction, lipid profile, and global nutritional status in adults with or without dyslipidemia or cardiovascular disease?
Systematic Review
Does omega-3 supplementation improve markers of endothelial and inflammatory dysfunction, lipid profile, and global nutritional status in adults with or without dyslipidemia or cardiovascular disease?
Omega-3 supplementation demonstrates benefits in improving dyslipidemia, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, particularly by reducing triglycerides and improving flow-mediated dilation.
May improve endothelial and inflammatory markers; low-certainty evidence from 6 small studies leaves clinical impact open.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of omega-3 supplementation on endothelial dysfunction in humans, considering the lipid profile, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Methods: The search for the articles was carried out on the bases PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and Web of Science, following the recommendations for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis of PRISMA. This study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database. After the process of searching and applying the inclusion criteria, 17 articles were selected. Results: The most pronounced effect of omega-3 supplementation was on reductions in triglycerides, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, pulse wave velocity and increased dilation mediated by the flow of the brachial artery. There were no significant changes in oxidative stress biomarkers and overall nutritional status. Final considerations: Evidence of benefits of omega-3 in improving dyslipidemia, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction; new intervention research is needed to better elucidate the role of this nutrient in the studied parameters, in addition to establishing effective doses, composition and intervention time for application in clinical practice.
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Sales et al. (2021) conducted a systematic review in Endothelial dysfunction and dyslipidemia. Omega-3 supplementation vs. Placebo (various oils or ciprofibrate) was evaluated on Endothelial dysfunction, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers. Omega-3 supplementation reduced triglycerides, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and pulse wave velocity, and increased flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery.
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