Active teaching and learning methodologies in human anatomy: an evidence-based review / Metodologias activas de ensino e aprendizagem da anatomia humana: uma revisão baseada em provas

Traditional anatomy teaching has been gradually replaced by active learning approaches that favor the development of competences related to skills, attitudes and behaviors. Identifying, synthesizing and demonstrating the main active learning approaches applied to human anatomy teaching by highlighting their potentialities and weaknesses. Empirical studies were identified through systematic search in PubMed, Scielo and TRIP databases. The search terms included index terms (MeSH terms) and free text words: "active learning" and "anatomy" until June, 2020. In total, 16 active learning approaches and 6 alternative teaching strategies were identified. Active learning methodologies improve students’ attitudinal competencies, autonomy and motivation. On the other hand, they demand more strategic planning by teachers and continuous feedback from students.