Preventive dental care is associated with improved healthcare outcomes and reduced costs for Medicaid members with diabetes

Introduction Preventive dental services have been associated with improved health outcomes. This study expands on previous observations by examining the relationship between oral healthcare and healthcare outcomes and costs in a publicly insured population with diabetes. Methods Utilization of dental services, healthcare outcomes and costs were evaluated for New York State Medicaid members with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM), ages 42 to 64, who were continuously enrolled between July 1, 2012 and June 30, 2015. Utilization of dental services focused on preventive dental care (PDC) and extractions and endodontic treatment (both indicative of advanced dental infection). Data were analyzed using regression models with propensity score weighting to control for potential confounding. Results Receipt of PDC was associated with lower utilization rates and costs compared to members who did not access dental services. The most pronounced average cost difference was observed for inpatient admissions at 823 per year for members who had at least one PDC without extraction or endodontic treatment. Each additional PDC visit received was associated with an 11% lower rate of inpatient admissions and lower average inpatient costs by 407 per member. The need for a dental extraction or endodontic therapy was associated with relatively higher rates and costs. Conclusions These findings demonstrate an association between PDC and improved healthcare outcome rates and lower average costs among members with DM and suggest a general health benefit associated with the provision of preventive dental care for persons with DM.