Sex Differences in Cardiac Troponin Trajectories Over the Life Course

BACKGROUND: Cardiac troponin concentrations are lower in women than men. We examined whether age- and risk factor-related changes in cardiac troponin over the life course differ by sex and if the trajectory of cardiac troponin was informative in respect of cardiovascular outcomes in women and men in the general population. METHODS: In the Whitehall II cohort, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I concentrations were measured on 3 occasions over a 15-year period. Using linear mixed-effects models, the sex-specific trajectories of cardiac troponin were evaluated, and the relationship with conventional cardiovascular risk factors determined. Using multistate joint models, the association between sex-specific trajectories of cardiac troponin and a composite outcome of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death was evaluated. RESULTS: 0.250). CONCLUSIONS: Trajectories of cardiac troponin differ between women and men in the general population, with differing associations to conventional risk factors and cardiovascular outcomes. Our findings highlight the importance of a sex-specific approach when serial cardiac troponin testing is applied for cardiovascular risk prediction.