Sex Differences in Cardiac Troponin Trajectories Over the Life Course

Figures

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  Figure 1.. Sex-specific cardiac troponin trajectories. A, The sex-specific average trajectory of cardiac troponin over the middle to late adulthood life course. B, The sex-specific average relative increase in cardiac troponin from 46 years onwards. The solid red line depicts the average trajectory of cardiac troponin in women and the solid blue line depicts the average trajectory of cardiac troponin in men. The dashed lines represent the 95% CIs.

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  Figure 2.. Sex-specific association between clinical characteristics and cardiac troponin. A, The sex-specific association between repeated measures of clinical characteristics and cardiac troponin in univariable linear mixed-effects analyses. B, The sex-specific association between repeated measures of clinical characteristics and cardiac troponin in a multivariable linear mixed-effects analysis. The multivariable model included all of the clinical characteristics evaluated.

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  Figure 3.. Sex-specific association between cardiac troponin level and change over time and primary outcome. Group 1 = baseline level < median and change < median; Group 2 = baseline level < median and change ≥ median; Group 3 = baseline level ≥ median and change < median; and Group 4 = baseline level ≥ median and change ≥ median. Log-rank test was used for between group comparisons. The estimated sex-specific median baseline level of cardiac troponin = 2.4 ng/L in women and 3.8 ng/L in men. The estimated sex-specific median change in cardiac troponin level equals a 4.4% increase per year in women and a 3.5% increase per year in men. The primary outcome is a composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death.

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  Figure 4.. Sex-specific association between cardiac troponin level and change over time and death from any cause. Group 1 = baseline level < median and change < median; Group 2 = baseline level < median and change ≥ median; Group 3 = baseline level ≥ median and change < median; and Group 4 = baseline level ≥ median and change ≥ median. Log-rank test was used for between group comparisons. The estimated sex-specific median baseline level of cardiac troponin = 2.4 ng/L in women and 3.8 ng/L in men. The estimated sex-specific median change in cardiac troponin level equals a 4.4% increase per year in women and a 3.5% increase per year in men.