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Abstract Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a genetic disease that affects multiple organs and systems, leading to various clinical manifestations. In NF-1, rare intrathoracic meningoceles often occur alongside bone dysplasia. These meningoceles contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and can be mistakenly diagnosed as 'pleural effusion'. In this case report, we mistakenly identified 'cerebrospinal fluid' as 'pleural effusion' and proceeded with drainage. This error posed significant risks to the patient and holds valuable implications for the future diagnosis and treatment of similar patients.
Chen et al. (Thu,) studied this question.