Ectopic expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors in relation to immune cell infiltration, prostate cancer recurrence

Abstract Background Interleukins can nurture a tumor promoting environment and simultaneously regulate immune cell infiltration. However, the potential roles of interleukins in the prostate cancer immune landscape remain abstruse. Methods We comprehensively investigated the interleukin expression patterns and tumor immune landscape of prostate cancer patients. And explored the interleukin expression patterns with immune infiltration landscape. The interleukin score was established using LASSO cox regression analysis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was employed to assess the prognostic value of the interleukin score. Results We identified two distinct interleukin clusters, characterized by different immune cell infiltration, tumor promoting signaling pathways activation and prognosis. The interleukin score was established to estimate the prognosis of individual prostate cancer patient. Further analysis demonstrated that the interleukin score was an independent prognostic factor of PRAD. Finally, we investigated the predictive value of interleukin score in the programed cell death protein (PD-1) blockade therapy of patients with prostate cancer. Conclusions This study demonstrated the correlation between interleukin and tumor immune landscape in prostate cancer. The comprehensive evaluation of interleukin expression patterns in individual prostate patients contribute to our understanding of the immune landscape and helps clinicians selecting proper immunotherapy strategies for prostate patients.