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Angiotensin II (Ang II) promotes the development and progression of podocytopathy. CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) in podocytes, anchoring slit diaphragm proteins to actin filaments of podocyte cytoskeleton, facilitates the nephrin-induced PI3-K/AKT signaling, which protects podocytes from apoptosis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), as a sensor of cellular energy status, has been known to play an important role in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases, including diabetes, and its renal complications.
Tae‐Sun Ha (Mon,) studied this question.