Analyzing the Effects of Economic Determinants on Urban and Rural Energy Poverty: Evidence from 36 African Countries

This study aimed to examine energy poverty's determinants in Africa across 36 countries spanning 2000 to 2020. Using fractional regression models, it analyzed how factors such as economic growth, unemployment rates, foreign direct investment, and demographic profiles influence urban and rural access to electricity. The findings highlight the positive impact of economic growth and a larger elderly population on electricity access. Conversely, higher unemployment rates consistently hinder access. Surprisingly, while foreign direct investment improves urban electricity access, it does not show the same effect in rural areas. These insights are vital for governments and stakeholders, guiding the development of energy policies. To alleviate energy poverty, especially in remote regions, policy interventions should focus on income subsidies and boosting employment opportunities.