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Construction projects suffer from many difficulties and complications, including cost deviations due to multiple factors. The research goal of this study is to explore the factors causing cost deviation in Iraqi construction projects. Twenty-five influencing factors were identified, based on previous studies and expert opinions. One hundred questionnaires were distributed to project participants, including contracting companies, consultants, and employers, with a 73% response rate. Relative Importance Index (RII) was used to analyze the findings. The results showed that the five most influential factors are poor planning approaches, contracting companies' financial difficulties, poor site management, poor project management/poor cost control, and inaccurate cost estimates. In order to reduce cost deviations, a set of improvements was recommended based on the results of the study.
Mohammed et al. (Sat,) studied this question.