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The characterization of isoconazole invasomal gel formulations (IG1–IG5) aimed to evaluate their physical attributes, drug content, and drug release kinetics for topical application. All formulations exhibited transparency and smooth texture, indicating uniform drug dispersion. While IG1 had an easily pourable consistency, IG4 displayed very good consistency, suggesting viscosity differences. Despite these variations, all formulations showed good homogeneity and high drug content, with IG4 leading in drug content percentage. Spreadability and viscosity varied among formulations, influencing ease of application and adherence to the skin. Cumulative drug release profiles revealed sustained release over 12 hours, with notable differences in release rates and extents among formulations. IG4 exhibited the most sustained release, aligning with pharmacokinetic requirements for antifungal therapy. Its release profile followed a diffusion-controlled mechanism, with a high cumulative drug release percentage of 98.95 ± 0.32% over 12 hours. Antifungal activity against Candida albicans was comparable to Isoconazole, suggesting IG4’s effectiveness in treating fungal infections. Stability studies confirmed the formulation’s stability under tested conditions, supporting its potential for further development and clinical use.
Chavan et al. (Mon,) studied this question.