Investigation of the quality of life, mental status in patients with gynecological cancer and its influencing factors

BACKGROUND Having a gynecological tumor or undergoing treatment can be a traumatic experience for women, as it affects their self-image and sexual relationships and can lead to psychological reactions. Psychological adjustment following cancer occurrence remains a key issue among the survivors. AIM To examine the current status of quality of life (QoL), anxiety, and depression in patients with gynecological cancer and to analyze the factors associated with it. METHODS Data for 160 patients with gynecological malignancies treated at Shanxi Bethune Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Patients’ QoL was assessed using the European Organization for Research on Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Questionnaire. Their emotional status was evaluated using the Self-Rating Anxiety/Depression Scale. The associated factors of anxiety and depression were analyzed. RESULTS The overall QoL score of the patients 6 months after surgery was 76.39 ± 3.63 points. This included low levels of social and emotional function and severe fatigue and pain. The scores for physiological, functional, emotional, social, and family well-being exhibited an upward trend following surgery compared with those before surgery. One month after surgery, some patients experienced anxiety and depression, with an incidence of 18.75% and 18.13%, respectively. Logistic analysis revealed that good sleep was a protective factor against anxiety and depression in patients with gynecological tumors, whereas physical pain was a risk factor. CONCLUSION Patients with gynecological malignancies often experience anxiety and depression. By analyzing the factors that affect patients’ QoL, effective nursing measures can be administered.