Deciphering the interplay of HPV infection, MHC-II expression, and CXCL13+ CD4+ T cell activation in oropharyngeal cancer: implications for immunotherapy

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has become an important etiological driver of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), leading to unique tumor characteristics. However, the interplay between HPV-associated tumor cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) remains an enigma.