Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in cats is associated with genetic mutations in sarcomeric proteins, particularly MYBPC3, though unknown genetic factors also contribute to the disease.
This review summarizes the genetic basis of feline HCM, highlighting the role of sarcomeric protein mutations like MYBPC3.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common cardiovascular condition in cats, affecting yth males and females of all ages. Some breeds, such as Ragdolls and Maine Coons, can develop HCM at a young age. The disease has a wide range of progression and severity, characterized by various pathological changes in the heart, including arteritis, fibrous tissue deposition, and myocardial cell hypertrophy. Left ventricular hypertrophy, which can restrict blood flow, is a common feature of HCM. The disease may persist into old age and eventually lead to heart failure and increased diastolic pressure. The basis of HCM in cats is thought to be genetic, although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. Mutations in sarcomeric proteins, in particular myosin-binding protein C (MYBPC3), have been identified in cats with HCM. Two specific mutations, MYBPC3 R818W and MYBPC3 A31P, have been classified as 'pathogenic'. Other variants in genes such as MYBPC3, TNNT2, ALMS1, and MYH7 are also associated with HCM. However, there are cases where cats without known genetic mutations still develop HCM, suggesting the presence of unknown genetic factors contributing to the disease. This work aims to summarise the new knowledge of HCM in cats and the alterations in cardiac tissue as a result of genetic variants.
Grzeczka et al. (Mon,) conducted a review in Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in cats. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in cats is associated with genetic mutations in sarcomeric proteins, particularly MYBPC3, though unknown genetic factors also contribute to the disease.