Fibrous Dysplasia: Clinicopathological Behavior and Its Management

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a rare disorder of bone in which normal bone is replaced by abnormal fibro-osseous tissue. It more commonly involves the long bones, craniofacial bones, ribs, and pelvis. The involvement of single bone is called as monostotic type of FD and if multiple bones are involved it is called polyostotic type of FD. Its occurrence is predominantly observed in teenagers, and it usually becomes static after adulthood. The incidence of monostotic FD (MFD) is four times more than that of polyostotic FD (PFD). The posterior region of the jaw bone is more prone and rarely crosses the midline. The malignant potential is 0.5% for cases that remain untreated. Here, we present a case of MFD involving the posterior region of the right side of the mandible in a 37-year-old female patient. The clinical diagnostic approach, different imaging modalities, and histological examination methods for definitive diagnosis have been elaborated. During the regular follow-up, the MFD lesion showed no obvious signs of progression or malignancy features.