Application and progress of NiTi alloys in vascular interventional medical devices

Nowadays there has been a substantial escalation in the consumption of the global annual mortality rate due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and the traditional stainless-steel materials used for interventional treatments are sometimes unsuitable for thinner vascular walls. Hence it is imperative to undertake a comprehensive analysis of novel materials in the field of vascular intervention, and NiTi alloys are one of the best materials among them. NiTi alloys are the shape-memory alloys that undergo a phase transformation under certain temperatures and pressures. Owing to its shape memory effect and superelastic properties, it is extensively utilized in the medical filed, representing a future direction for smart materials. As the field of medical intervention evolves, the advantages of NiTi alloys in vascular interventional medical devices are increasingly recognized due to their superior performance, garnering widespread attention. As a result, analyzing their medical applications is required in order to promote interdisciplinary integration. This review summarizes the structural properties, preparation methods, and application areas of NiTi alloys as medical devices for vascular interventions. It also analyzes the properties of NiTi alloys when used as stents or guidewires in specific scenarios, and discusses the current shortcomings, future development directions and application prospects.