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• The planning schemes adapted to different needs from different perspectives are proposed. • From the overall perspective, an expansion planning model is proposed. • From the perspective of operators, a collaborative planning model of adaptive evolutionary game is constructed. • An adaptive evolutionary game planning method is proposed to address complex game dynamics. • Analyzing the benefit demands of operators and considering the limited rationality of stakeholders. Distributed energy stations (DES), coupled with multiple energy equipment, can participate in the distribution network (DN) regulation. Thus, a multi-perspective collaborative planning method considering DES is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a double layer DN planning structure from the overall perspective is proposed. By considering the planning layer and the operation layer, the overall planning cost can be minimized. Then, the benefit relationships among DN operators, DG operators, and energy station (ES) operators are analyzed, and the benefit models of different stakeholders are established. On this basis, the multi-agent game planning model of DN considering the limited rationality of stakeholders is constructed. And then, the optimal planning and operation scheme of the DN with DES is determined through the adaptive evolutionary game method. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through the simulation of a certain 42-node distribution system.
Xiong et al. (Mon,) studied this question.