Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors for Occupational Burnout Among Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Burnout, a global syndrome affecting healthcare systems, is often referred to as the "disease of the 21st century." This review examines the prevalence and contributing factors of this condition among healthcare personnel in Europe. The prevalence of burnout in European countries has been a subject of interest, and the factors contributing to it are being examined. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the scope of burnout and its implications, with a particular emphasis on its global impact. Materials and Methods: A systematic search of databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and others) identified 95 articles, nine of which met the inclusion criteria. Studies published in the last 20 years, particularly those from the past decade, were prioritized for review. The search strategy utilized keywords to identify titles, including "prevalence of boss" and "boss factors." Most articles were published within the last 20 years, with a greater proportion of the most recent articles appearing in the past 10 years. Results: Burnout prevalence ranged from 16.8% (Montenegro) to 71.36% (Romania), with nursing staff and general practitioners most affected. Risk factors included age, gender, long working hours, high patient loads, and inadequate vacation time. A preponderance of burnout-related concerns was observed among the personnel, particularly those engaged in staff nursing and general practice. Conclusions: Burnout is prevalent among healthcare professionals, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to mitigate its impact. Addressing risk factors is crucial for improving occupational health and well-being. This study's findings demonstrate that burnout is prevalent among the examined population. The investigation revealed that a significant proportion of the subjects exhibited moderate levels of burnout. The analysis further elucidates that a substantial number of the subjects identified as "high-risk" were influenced by various factors, including, but not limited to, their immediate superiors.