The use of scanning methods of computer identification based on orthopantomograms provided by the remains of the bones of the skull with upper and lower jaws, postmortem X-rays of the teeth, life-time photographs of the deceased person allows to successfully identify an unknown person even in cases of significant burning and destruction of the bones of the human skeleton. The aim of the study. Carrying out identification of a person based on the features of the maxillofacial apparatus, which, together with other bones of the head and trunk, has undergone significant thermal effects. Materials and methods. The archival materials of the Kherson Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination and the State Specialized Institution "Main Bureau of Forensic Medical examination of The Ministry of Health of Ukraine" were used, which contained information on: the remains of the bone skeleton of the human body, including the bones of the facial skull and the maxillofacial apparatus, which were subjected to significant thermal action as a result of burning; lifelong x-ray panoramic image (orthopantomogram); lifelong radiograph of teeth and medical documentation (dental card of the patient); lifetime photograph of the victim; postmortem X-rays of the teeth. The research was conducted in accordance with current Ukrainian legislation, in particular with Order No. 6 of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine from 1995. General forensic and anthropometric methods and techniques were used, as well as original scanning methods of computer identification of a person based on digital orthopantomograms. Quantitative analysis was carried out using standard methods of variational statistics. Scientific research. "Expert evaluation of advanced dental treatment and rehabilitation technologies". State registration number: 0123U101509. Implementation dates: 2023-2027. Bioethics. Approved by the Bioethics Commission of UZHNU (protocol No. 15 dated 01/20/2025). Results. An example is presented that demonstrates a successful procedure for identifying an unknown person from burned bone fragments by using scanning computer identification methods from orthopantomograms provided by the remains of the skull bones with the upper and lower jaws, postmortem dental radiographs and a lifetime photograph of the deceased person. The issues considered are related to the need to use several identification methods to confirm the identity between the missing person and the burned bone fragments. All possible lines of evidence were used, namely information about fragments of the human bone skeleton, including the bones of the facial skull and dentition, which were exposed to significant thermal effects as a result of burning, a lifetime panoramic X-ray (orthopantomogram), lifetime dental radiographs and medical records (dental records of the patient), a lifetime photograph of the victim and postmortem dental radiographs. The research used general forensic and anthropometric methods and techniques, as well as original scanning methods of computerized identification of a person based on digital orthopantomograms. The quantitative analysis was carried out using standard methods of variation statistics. It has been established that a comprehensive study of the object by experts of different specialties demonstrates the possibility of obtaining a large amount of information for analysis, which ensures the objectivity and qualitative identification of an unknown person by dental status. Conclusions. A comprehensive investigation of the object by experts of various specialties demonstrates the possibility of obtaining a large amount of information for analysis, which ensures the objectivity and qualitative identification of an unknown person by dental status.
Войченко et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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