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September 10, 2025

The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education Competences on Income Generation among Secondary School Graduates in Boneza Sector, Rutsiro District, Rwanda

PKPACIFIQUE KWITONDAMount Kenya University OAOpiyo Hesbon AndalaMount Kenya University

Key Points

Significant correlations were found between entrepreneurship competencies and income generation outcomes.
A majority, 73.1%, identified business opportunities, while 76.7% engaged in income-generating activities.
Quantitative and qualitative methods were utilized for data collection, revealing critical entrepreneurship skills.
Strengthening entrepreneurship education in schools may enhance self-employment and economic performance.

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of entrepreneurship education competences on income generation among secondary school graduates in the Boneza Sector, Rutsiro District, Rwanda. It specifically examined the level of entrepreneurship competencies among graduates, identified common income-generating activities, and analyzed the impact of those competencies on income generation outcomes. The target population consisted of 150 individuals, including administrative staff, teaching staff, and graduates from both general education and technical secondary schools. Using a sample size of 109, data was collected through questionnaires and interviews, employing purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling techniques. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used for data collection and analysis. Findings revealed that a majority of secondary school graduates possessed key entrepreneurship skills. Notably, 73.1% could identify business opportunities, 80.0% could design and manage business plans, and 74.5% could organize business operations. Moreover, 64.1% could handle business-related challenges, 59.5% showed strong motivation and confidence, and 57.9% possessed innovation and networking skills. Regarding income activities, 76.7% of respondents were involved in enterprises such as salons, food services, construction, and small trade, while 24.0% were not. Statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between entrepreneurship competencies (like innovation, risk-taking, and leadership) and income generation outcomes (self-employment, improved wages, and job performance). The study recommends the strengthening of entrepreneurship education in secondary schools with emphasis on financial literacy, marketing, innovation, and leadership. It also encourages expanding opportunities in sectors such as agriculture, tourism, and vocational training to promote sustainable livelihoods.

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