Comparative Analysis of the Bulk Properties of Crude Oil Samples from Four Producing Fields in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Twelve different crude oil samples were collected from four oil fields in the Niger Delta Nigeria. The bulk properties of these crude oils which include API gravity, specific gravity, reid vapour pressure, kinematic viscosity, dynamic viscosity, moisture, cloud point, pour point, gum content and Sulphur content were analyzed, using standard procedures of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The results show API gravity values ranged from 30.540 ± 0.100 - 42.460 ± 0.100, Specific gravity 0.813 ± 0.001 – 0.873 ± 0.001, Kinematic viscosities 2.001 ± 0.001 - 5.547±0.010cSt, Dynamic viscosities 1.631±0.000 - 5.057±0.010 cP at 0°C, Gum content 4.676±0.010 - 87.350±0.100 ml, flash point 15.000±0.200 °C - 27.000±0.200 °C, Pour point –16.000±0.200°C - +14.000±0.200°C. The correlation analysis of kinematic viscosity (Kv) and gum content r =0.965 was strongest, indicating increased viscosity with respect to high gum content. These physicochemical properties play a crucial role in determining the crude oil's suitability for refining, transportation, and its environmental impact. The data highlights the need for tailored handling and processing strategies based on the specific characteristics of each crude oil sample.