Implementation and Support of Alternative Lending Instruments in the Recovery of Ukraine's Economy

The work highlights the importance of developing alternative forms of financing as a component of the strategy for ensuring sustainability and economic recovery in today's conditions. The problem of implementing and supporting lending instruments in the context of the recovery of the Ukrainian economy is studied. Particular attention is paid to such aspects as microcrediting, financial technologies and state guarantee programs. The experience of their use in other countries and the possibility of their successful application in Ukraine are considered. The study is based on the analysis of scientific literature and statistical data, consultations with representatives of banking institutions, as well as on our own research and expert assessments. The conclusions of the article may be useful for government bodies, financial institutions, academic researchers and practicing specialists who are interested in the development of the financial system and support for entrepreneurship in Ukraine. Given the current challenges that have arisen for the Ukrainian economy as a result of global crises, armed aggression and deep structural transformations, alternative forms of financing have become particularly relevant. They become tools for attracting financial resources for small and medium-sized businesses, which are the basis of the national economy and provide a significant part of jobs and gross product production. In this regard, providing access to financing through innovative channels, in particular microfinance organizations, fintech platforms, crowdfunding, p2p lending platforms and guarantee mechanisms are of great importance for the revival of economic activity. The work reveals in detail the significance and functional features of alternative financing instruments in the modern economy. The mechanisms of state guarantee support are also analyzed as one of the effective means of reducing risks for private investors who can provide financing through alternative channels. Financial technologies and, in particular, digital lending platforms, electronic wallets, smart contracts, have the potential to create a flexible, accessible financial infrastructure, which would be key for regions with low financial coverage. The results can be used to shape state policy in the financial sector, develop support tools for business, and adapt international experience to the conditions of the domestic economy.