January 1, 2015

Studies on Heterosis and Combining Ability for Yield Components in Grain Sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Key Points

Heterosis for grain yield was significant, with the hybrid 3183 A x CB 119 showing a 84.22% increase over the mid parent.
The analysis of combining ability highlighted specific hybrids as promising, particularly 234 A x CB 127 and 151 A x CB 126.
Line x tester analysis was employed to evaluate combining ability among 48 F1 hybrids produced from six lines and eight testers.
Non-additive gene action played a key role in grain yield traits, indicating complex inheritance patterns in sorghum.

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to estimate heterosis in forty eight F1 hybrids of sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench with respect to grain yield and its components using six lines and eight testers. The hybrids and their parents were evaluated to assess the combining ability and gene action governing the traits by using line x tester analysis at Directorate of Sorghum Research (DSR), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during 2011-12. Non-additive gene action was predominant for all the traits under study. The line 234 A ; testers CB 111 and CB 119 emerged as good general combiners for yield and its component traits. Based on sca effects, three hybrids viz., 234 A x CB 127, 151 A x CB 126 and 3183 A x CB 119 were identified as promising for good specific combiners for grain yield per plant and other traits. The hybrid 3183 A x CB 119 recorded maximum grain yield with 84.22, 69.78 and 26.93 per cent heterosis over the mid parent, better parent and standard check, respectively.

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