Peculiarities of the modern historical era: some issues and objectives of philosophy. Part 1. The turning point in history: issues and heuristic capabilities of modern philosophy

The paper analyzes the characteristics of the modern historical period and argues that it is a unique stage in human history. In a short space of time, at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, numerous deep crises have occurred, each posing a significant challenge to humanity. The author argues that the coincidence of so many overlapping crises, all tending to worsen over time, creates a dangerous multiplier effect that accelerates humanity’s descent toward catastrophe. History of the past century shows that one significant factor in the outbreak of World War II was the intense ideological conflict in the world, along with the widespread propaganda aimed at demonizing the image of the victims chosen by the aggressors. According to the author of the article, it is worth considering the experience and findings of the international community representatives at UNESCO. After the war, they analyzed the causes of the tragedy and came to the conclusion that philosophers and philosophy play an important role in establishing a respectful relationships between people, in rejecting nationalism and the use of brute force in personal and international relations. One can agree with these intellectuals that philosophy helps resist various forms of propaganda and intolerance, teaches peace, and also helps in facing modern challenges. The paper examines the current state of philosophy in the world and our country in order to determine whether it has the potential to solve the universal humanistic task of saving humanity.