Improving informal settlements for community development in Cape Town

Background: Informal settlements are a common phenomenon on the peripheries of South African urban centres. These settlements often lack proper sanitation, healthcare facilities, educational facilities, clean energy sources and social well-being infrastructure. They are frequently associated with crime, illegal activities and the spread of pandemics. Aim: This study examines the role of informal settlements in community development, highlighting both their challenges and contributions to society. Setting: While informal settlements are often viewed negatively, they also serve essential socio-economic functions. This study explores their potential to contribute positively to societal development. Methods: A qualitative approach, grounded in constructivist philosophy, was used. Data were collected through two focus group discussions, and thematic analysis was conducted to assess the role of informal settlements in societal development. Results: The study confirms that informal settlements face multiple challenges, as documented in existing literature. However, they also reduce socio-economic inequalities by providing affordable housing for low-income individuals, addressing the housing deficit and facilitating urbanisation by integrating new urban dwellers into economic activities. In addition, they serve as informal markets and business hubs, supporting local economic growth. Conclusion: Policymakers should adopt a balanced approach to addressing the challenges of informal settlements while recognising their role in economic and social development. Contribution: This study challenges the dominant negative perceptions of informal settlements and highlights their potential contributions to community development.