Inland Container Depots (ICDs) extend seaport capacity but often shift congestion inland. This study investigates how port-to-ICD logistical bottlenecks prolong customs-clearance at EX NASACO ICD in Dar es Salaam. Using a convergent mixed-methods design, 80 stakeholders (customs officers, freight forwarders, depot managers, traders) completed a five-item logistical-inefficiency survey (Cronbach’s α = .82). Descriptive statistics showed high means for arrival-pattern variability (µ = 4.16) and coordination gaps (µ = 4.03). Pearson’s correlation linked inefficiency to clearance time (r = .66, p < .01), and an OLS regression found each one-point inefficiency increase adds 0.28 days (~6.7 hours) to dwell time (β = .28, p = .001; adjusted R² = .56). Fifteen semi-structured interviews revealed fragmented scheduling, agency silos, and yard under-utilization as key delay drivers. Triangulation confirms that asynchronous release-note uploads and misaligned truck-slot assignments generate systemic delays that equipment investments alone cannot solve. The study recommends implementing a shared digital slot-booking dashboard, establishing a joint operations centre for real-time coordination, and adopting a port community system to synchronize workflows measures projected to cut average clearance by one-third and enhance regional trade facilitation.
Nguvumali et al. (Wed,) studied this question.