Blockchain-Driven Access Control and Data Protection Framework for Industrial IoT Systems

The exponential expansion of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) presents major difficulties in guaranteeing strong data security and safe access management over distributed and resource-limited settings. This paper suggests a blockchain-driven architecture combining dynamic access control based on roles with data integrity and confidentiality assurance mechanisms catered for IIoT environments. Three basic levels define the architecture: the IoT layer with intelligent sensors and actuators; the blockchain layer to offer distributed access enforcement and tamper-proof audit trails; and the cloud layer for scalable data storage and processing. Using smart contracts, the system automates access delegation, revocation, and real-time permission changes, hence reducing single points of failure and unwanted access. Compared to centralised systems, experimental evaluation employing Python simulations shows enhanced accuracy, precision, and security at the tradeoff of quite limited throughput. Emphasising privacy, transparency, and resilience, this study provides the basis for reliable, scalable, auditable IIoT infrastructures.